Researchers' Activities

CIL Ocean Law and Policy Programme Head, Robert Beckman, participated in a Submarine Cables Meeting in Colombo, Sri Lanka from 25 to 26 March 2019. The meeting was organised by the UNODC Global Maritime Crime Programme and the government of Sri Lanka. Associate Professor Beckman presented on causes of submarine cable faults and chaired a session on the legal issues that must be addressed to protect submarine cables.

Research Consultant Emily Choo was a judge at the Vietnam CISG Pre-Moot. She was previously invited to judge the national rounds of both the Foreign Direct Investment Moot and the Red Cross International Humanitarian Law Moot.

Research Fellow Dafina Atanasova participated in a two-day workshop titled ‘Engaging with Domestic Law in International Adjudication Factfinding or Transnational Law-Making?’ organised by the Amsterdam Center for International Law under the University of Amsterdam.

Dr Atanasova’s presentation—‘What Do We Actually Disagree About When Discussing the Fact-Law Dichotomy in International Adjudicators’ Engagement with Domestic Law?’—kick-started the workshop in a panel chaired by Professor Ingo Venzke. The paper demonstrates that the classic way of seeing domestic law in international adjudication along a fact-law divide serves as a rhetorical device with limited analytical import. Looking at the practice of investment arbitrators and WTO adjudicators, the paper brings to light the fallacy of relying on whether an adjudicator classifies domestic law as either ‘law’ or ‘fact’ for understanding its actual procedural place. It proposes a more granular analytical framework for this understanding, informed by questions that define the procedural place of foreign law in conflict of laws and suggesting the ‘otherness’ of domestic law as a more attuned lens. Indeed, judicial practice in both conflict of laws and international economic law shows that it is the recognition that different legal systems are habitually created, adjudicated and enforced by distinct, ie ‘other’ institutions, which better explains adjudicators’ approaches, independently of the formal characterisation of the ‘other’ law along a fact-law divide.

Senior Research Fellow Youna Lyons was invited as a speaker and moderator to the ASEAN Regional Forum Workshop: Implementing UNCLOS and Other International Instruments to Address Emerging Maritime Issues. The workshop included three main themes: traditional security; issues relating to the sustainable management of natural living resources and conservation of the marine environment; and climate change impacts.

Ms Youna Lyons was a moderator on the second theme and presented on the third theme on the topic of international and regional legal and institutional framework applicable to environmental threats in the Asia Pacific, including from climate change and greenhouse gas emissions from shipping. She distinguished legal instruments and regulations applicable to mitigation of greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere and in the ocean from those applicable to adaptation from climate change. She also argued that climate change affects all maritime activities. Finally, the presentation of the regional bodies that form the regional institutional framework highlighted the number of bodies concerned with climate change impact and the need for robust cooperation to ensure adequate mitigation and adaptation. The presentation is available here.

Research Fellow Amber Maggio participated in the UNODC Contact Group on the Sulu and Celebes Seas: Mapping and Responding to Global Maritime Crime, which was held in Manila, Philippines.

The meeting focussed on the recommendations from the previous contact group meeting in August 2018 and their implementation, particularly challenges, responses and the need for information sharing. In addition, the shipping industry and humanitarian organisations shared their perspectives on working with victims of maritime crimes and their families.

Dr Maggio participated in the operations working group, where the possibility of a maritime law enforcement cooperation (or agreement) was discussed.

Research Associate Dita Liliansa was invited to speak at the 6th Global Fisheries Enforcement Training Workshop on 18–22 February 2019 in Bangkok, Thailand. The workshop gathered about 135 experts and monitoring, control and surveillance practitioners from around 37 countries, to discuss best practices as well as innovative tools and technologies to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing.

Ms Dita Liliansa delivered a presentation on ‘Implementation of Port State Measures Agreement in Southeast Asia’. The presentation offered a comparison of the regional bodies dealing with the implementation of the Port State Measures Agreement in Southeast Asia and discussed possible cooperation forward. The presentation slides can be downloaded here.

On 13 February 2019, Director Lucy Reed participated in the conference on ‘ISDS Reform: Mapping the Way Forward’ organised by the Asian Academy of International Law (AAIL) and the Hong Kong SAR Department of Justice. The welcoming speakers included Ms Teresa Cheng GBS SC JP, the Hong Kong SAR Secretary for Justice. The conference featured four panels—Investment Mediation, Appeal Mechanism for ISDS Awards, Third Party Funding in ISDS and Appointment of Arbitrators—and an Oxford Union style Debate on whether a Permanent Investment Court is a possible solution to ISDS problems. In an innovative approach, each panel had the benefit of a detailed discussion paper by a young private or government practitioner.

Professor Reed spoke on the Investment Mediation panel, on the topic of how to incentivise host governments and investors to use investor-State mediation. Also on the panel were (as pictured) Dr Anthony Neoh (AAIL Chairman), Professor Jack Coe from Pepperdine Law School and Paul Starr from King & Wood Mallesons. The discussion paper was from David Ng of the Hong Kong SAR Department of Justice.

Senior Research Fellow Hao Duy Phan was invited to speak at the 2019 Maritime Patrol Asia Conference, Asia Defence Expo & Conference Series (ADECS) on 29–30 January 2019 in Singapore. Dr Phan delivered a presentation on ‘Common Approaches to Countering Piracy and Maritime Crimes in the Asia-Pacific: Challenges and Opportunities’, which he co-authored with Ocean Law and Policy Programme Head Robert Beckman.

During the presentation, Dr Phan offered an overview of the international legal framework on countering piracy and maritime crimes. He examined the current threats to maritime security in the region and provided a detailed account of cooperative efforts in the region to respond to these threats. He also made several observations and suggestions to increase the effectiveness of regional cooperation on maritime security.

On 29 January 2019, CIL participated in the 73rd meeting of the ASEAN Coordinating Committee on Investment (CCI) held in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. The meeting was attended by Research Associate Professor (CIL) N Jansen Calamita, Head of CIL’s Investment Law and Policy Programme, and CIL Visiting Research Consultant Dr Charalampos Giannakopoulos.

The meeting was convened to discuss, among others, proposals being put forward internationally on the topic of investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) reform. Research Assoc Prof Calamita delivered a presentation, addressing the drivers for ISDS reform, available reform options, and modalities through which different reform options may be implemented.

CIL’s participation in the work of the ASEAN CCI is part of the Centre’s broader engagement with the topic of appellate mechanisms and standing tribunals in the settlement of investor-state disputes.

Senior Research Fellow Ms Denise Cheong and Research Associate S Nivedita participated in the 8th meeting of the Nuclear Energy Experts Group held from 24 to 25 January 2019 in Singapore. This meeting was organised by the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific (CSCAP) together with the S Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS). Participants discussed ways to strengthen nuclear governance in the Indo-Pacific, in light of activities and plans of current and potential nuclear-power user or exporter countries. The meeting specifically considered the potential for applying the governance framework constituted by the Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapons-Free Zone Treaty (SEANWFZ Treaty) and its plans of action. Participants also discussed the potential implications of new technologies, such as distributed ledger and blockchain technologies, and 3D printing on nuclear governance.